Vanity, All Is Vanity: A Lecture on Tobacco and its Effects is a thought-provoking and satirical work by the 19th-century author and humorist, Anonymous, first published in 1874. This book takes the form of a public lecture, delivered with wit and irony, addressing the widespread use and social acceptance of tobacco in Victorian society. The author cleverly dissects the cultural, moral, and physical implications of tobacco consumption, blending scientific observations with sharp humor and moral commentary. Throughout the lecture, the speaker explores the history of tobacco, tracing its journey from the New World to its enthusiastic adoption in Europe and beyond. The narrative delves into the various forms of tobacco use—smoking, chewing, and snuff-taking—highlighting the peculiar rituals and habits associated with each. The author does not shy away from discussing the health consequences of tobacco, referencing contemporary medical opinions and anecdotal evidence to underscore the dangers and absurdities of the habit. Vanity, All Is Vanity is more than a simple anti-tobacco tract; it is a reflection on human nature, vanity, and the often irrational justifications people create for their vices. The lecture is peppered with literary allusions, classical references, and playful jabs at both tobacco enthusiasts and reformers. The speaker’s tone oscillates between mock-seriousness and genuine concern, making the book both entertaining and enlightening. This work stands as a fascinating artifact of its time, offering modern readers insight into 19th-century attitudes toward tobacco, public health, and social customs. It remains relevant today as a commentary on the persistence of human folly and the enduring struggle between pleasure and prudence. Vanity, All Is Vanity: A Lecture on Tobacco and its Effects is a compelling read for anyone interested in the history of tobacco, Victorian literature, or the art of satire.